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| Simulation of Passenger Evacuation in the Metro Carriage Based on an Improved Cellular Automata Model |
| ZHOU Meiqi1, YANG Xiaoxia2, ZHANG Jihui1, LIU Tianyu1
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1. Institute of Complexity Science, College of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
2. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266525, China |
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Abstract In this paper, the passenger evacuation movement model based on the improved cellular automata model is proposed to study the evacuation behaviors of passengers in the metro carriage under emergency. Considering passenger′s psychology of seeking advantages and avoiding harm and herding behaviors in emergency evacuation, the door selection mechanism of passengers is established on the basis of fuzzy logic theory. The improved cellular automata model is used to complete the modeling and simulation of passenger evacuation process. The effect of the fire source position in the metro carriage under a sudden fire, the effective utilization width of the metro door and the seat arrangement on the passenger evacuation under emergency are studied through the simulation experiment. Simulation results are as follows: When the fire source is located in the middle metro carriage, the evacuation efficiency will be higher than that located in the first or last metro carriage. The increase of the effective utilization width of the metro door within a certain range is conducive to improve the efficiency of passenger evacuation. The seat arrangement with single row longitudinal can ensure the efficiency of passenger evacuation on the basis of satisfying the comfort requirements of passengers to the maximum extent. The model proposed in this paper makes full use of the advantages of cellular automata model with less computation and the fuzzy logic theory which does not need to establish a complex mathematical model. This model can be used to predict the metro door selection and movement process of passengers, and then guides passengers to evacuate quickly under emergency.
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Received: 30 December 2020
Published: 18 June 2021
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