为研究交通事故对高速公路交通流的影响,以双车道安全距离元胞自动机模型为基础引入强行变道规则,建立了考虑车辆异质性的高速公路车辆堵塞模型。利用MATLAB数值模拟高速公路异质交通流,分析不同交通密度情况下的交通事故持续时间以及重载货车占比对高速公路堵塞交通流的影响。研究表明:交通事故持续时间及重载货车占比均对高速公路堵塞交通流具有显著影响;当车辆密度大于4veh/km小于80veh/km时,交通事故持续时间对交通流有着显著影响,且持续时间越长对交通流的影响越大;当车辆密度小于30veh/km时,重载货车占比对交通流有着显著的影响,并且占比越大对交通流影响越大。
In order to study the impact of traffic accidents on expressway traffic flow, a forced lane change rule was introduced based on the two-lane safe distance cellular automaton model, and a highway vehicle congestion model considering the heterogeneity of vehicles was established.The heterogeneous traffic flow on expressways was used by MATLAB numerical simulation, the impact of the duration of traffic accidents and the proportion of heavy trucks under different traffic densities on expressway congestion traffic flow was analyzed. Research shows that the duration of traffic accidents and the proportion of heavy trucks have a significant impact on the traffic flow of highway congestion; when the vehicle density is greater than 4veh/km and less than 80veh/km, the duration of the traffic accident has a significant impact on traffic flow. And the longer the duration, the greater the impact influences on the traffic flow; when the vehicle density is less than 30veh/km, the proportion of heavy trucks has a significant impact on the traffic flow, and the larger the proportion, the greater the impact influences on the traffic flow.
[1] AGHABAYK K, SARVI M, YOUNG W. Attribute selection for modelling driver's car-following behaviour in heterogeneous congested traffic conditions[J]. Transportmetrica A: Transport Science, 2014, 10(5): 457-468.
[2] MESA-ARANGO R, UKKUSURI S V. Modeling the car-truck interaction in a system-optimal dynamic traffic assignment model[J]. Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2014, 18(4): 327-338.
[3] PEETA S, ZHOU W, ZHANG P. Modeling and mitigation of car-truck interactions on freeways[J]. Transportation Research Record, 2004, 1899(1): 117-126.
[4] NGODUY D. Effect of the car-following combinations on the instability of heterogeneous traffic flow[J]. Transportmetrica B: Transport Dynamics, 2015, 3(1): 44-58.
[5] DAS A K, CHATTARAJ U. Heterogeneous traffic simulation for urban streets using cellular automata[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2019, 44(10): 8557-8571.
[6] 王永明.基于元胞自动机的道路交通堵塞仿真研究[J]. 系统仿真学报,2010,22(9):2149-2154.
WANG Y M. Study of traffic congestion's simulation based on cellular automaton model[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2010,22(9):2149-2154.
[7] 钱勇生,曾俊伟,杜加伟,等.考虑意外事件对交通流影响的元胞自动机交通流模型[J].物理学报,2011,60(6):103-112.
QIAN YS, ZENG J W, DU J W, et al. Cellular automaton traffic flow model considering influence of accidents[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2011,60(6):103-112.
[8] 刘霞,胡凯,龚鹏.基于元胞自动机的事故交通流模型仿真[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,18(3):285-288.
LIU X, HU K, GONG P. Simulation of accident traffic flow model based on cellular automata[J]. Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2017,18(3):285-288.
[9] 姬浩,王永东,李佩,等.事故车辆影响下的城市三车道道路交通流仿真[J].中国安全科学学报,2021,31(3):112-120.
JI H, WANG Y D, LI P, et al. SU Bing. Traffic flow simulation of urban three-lane road considering influence of accident vehicle[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2021, 31(3):112-120.
[10] 石京,罗灵,王恩达.基于CA模型的交通事故叠加风险量化分析方法[J].交通信息与安全,2019,37(6):56-62.
SHI J, LUO L, WANG E D. A quantitative analysis method of traffic crash risk based on cellular automata model[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety, 2019, 37(6):56-62.
[11] ME LARRAGA, ALVAREZ-ICAZA L. Cellular automaton model for traffic flow based on safe driving policies and human reactions[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2010, 389(23):5425-5438.
[12] LI X, XIAO Y, JIA B. Modeling mechanical restriction differences between car and heavy truck in two-lane cellular automata traffic flow model[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2016, 451(C): 49-62.
[13] 王凯. 基于元胞自动机的高速公路重载货车移动瓶颈研究[D]. 武汉:华中科技大学,2017.
WANG K. Research on moving bottleneck of heavy trucks driving on freeway based on cellular automata[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2017.
[14] NAGEL K, SCHRECKENBERG M. A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic[J]. Journal De Physique I, 1992, 2(12):2221-2229.
