利用agent社会圈子网络理论构建语言竞争网络,利用两个F长度的二进制位串表示可能的双语内部结构,在此基础上给出一种新的动态微观语言竞争模型。分析了语言地位、网络结构、语言遗传率和语言学习率对网络中agent所掌握的词汇量、语言类型及熟练度演化的影响。模型反映了不同语言者之间通过交流和竞争实现语言内部结构演化涌现宏观语言态势的机制。仿真结果表明,模型克服了其他模型不能反映系统中语言使用机会和频次对语言竞争的影响。
This paper proposes a new dynamic social network model to study the competition between two languages (language A and B), this model is based on agent modeling method and social circles theory, and this method also introduces a language structure with two F-length bit-strings vocabulary into the agent which is a node of the network. The evolutions of the average number of words of each language and mastery of the language for agents in the network were analyzed by changing the language states, the structure of social network and the probability of language learning and vertical transmission. The proposed model facilitates the study of the mechanisms of macro behavior which emerges from local interactions and language competition between agents and the evolution of internal language structure of speakers. The simulation result indicates that the model introduced here does account for two key factors, they are the chance and frequency of language usage which influence language competition and do not consider well in other models.
[1] 徐世璇. 濒危语言研究[M].北京:中央民族大学出版社,2001.
[2] 郭兰英. “适者生存”:翻译的生态学视角研究[D].上海:上海外国语大学,2011.
Guo Lanying. “Survival of the fittest”: ecological perspective in translation studies[D].Shanghai: Shanghai International Studies University,2011.
[3] Beckner C, et al. Language is a complex adaptive system: position paper[J].Language Learning, 2009, 59(S1): 1-26.
[4] Abrams D M, Strogatz S H. Modeling the dynamics of language death[J].Nature, 2003, 424:900.
[5] Mira J, Paredes A. Interlinguistic similarity and language death dynamics[J].Europhysics Letters, 2005, 69(6):1031-1034.
[6] Minett J W, Wang W S Y. Modeling endangered languages: the effects of bilingualism and social structure[J].Lingua, 2008, 118(1):19-45.
[7] Kandler A, Steele J. Ecological models of language competition[J].Journal of Biological Theory, 2008, 3(2):164-173.
[8] Zhang M H, Gong T. Principles of parametric estimation in modeling language competition[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013,110(24): 9698-9703.
[9] Lotka A J. Contribution to the theory of periodic reaction[J].J Phys Chem, 1910, 14(3):271-274.
[10] Stauffer D, Castelló X, Eguíluz V M, et al. Microscopic Abrams-Strogatz model of language competition[J].Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2007, 374(2):835-842.
[11] Castelló X, Eguíluz V M, Miguel M S. Ordering dynamics with two non-excluding options: bilingualism in language competition[J].New Journal of Physics, 2006, 8(12):308-322.
[12] Li X, Chen G. A local-world evolving network model[J].Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2003, 328(1-2):274-286.
[13] Castelló X, Toivonen R, Eguiluz V M, Saramaki J, Kaski K, San Miguel M. Anomalous lifetime distributions and topological traps in ordering dynamics[J].Europhysics Letters, 2007, 79(9):66006(1-6).
[14] Toivonen R, CastellóX, Eguiluz V M, et al. Broad lifetime distributions for ordering dynamics in complex networks[J].Physical Review E, 2008, 79(1):016109.
[15] Hamill L, Gilbert N. Social Circles: A Simple structure for agent-based social network models[EB/OL].Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation (S1460-7425), 2009, 12(23):3.
[16] Kosmidis, Kosmas, Halley J M, et al. Language evolution and population dynamics in a system of two interacting species[J].Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2005, 353(2):595-612.
[17] Schwammle V. Simulation for competition of languages with an ageing sexual population[J].International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2005, 41(2):41-49.
[18] 戴庆厦. 云南里山乡彝族语言使用现状及其演变[M].北京:商务印书馆,2009.
[19] Wilensky U. NetLogo.Center for connected learning and computer-based modeling, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL,USA.[EB/OL].[2011-08-08].http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo.
