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| Collective Motion: Phenomenology and Dynamics |
| LI Geng1,2, DI Zengru1, HAN Zhangang1
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1.School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;
2.School of Physics and Optical Information Science, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015 |
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Abstract From bacteria to vertebrate, collective motion in living groups in space has gradually become a research hot point. This paper reviews recent studies on collective motion according to the logic from phenomenology to dynamic mechanics. For the phenomenology study, we focus on “order parameter”, “collective symmetry breaking”, “group size distribution” and “spatial correlation” most of which are based on quantitative observations and experiments. Some of these rules are universal in the sense that they can be observed in various species. The “attraction and repulsion”, “alignment rule”, “interaction range”, “heterogeneity” and “linear superposition of interactions”, especially the inferred rules based on the traced tracks of various individual movements, are closely investigated in dynamics part of this paper. This review pays much attention to distinguishing observations and the experiment results from assumptions. Under this logic frame, not only the plentiful and substantial results in collective motion are reviewed, but also an explicit and clear picture is depicted on how many miles we have covered on pursuing the universal laws in collective motion and on what the most important problems are ahead of us.
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Received: 09 December 2014
Published: 25 February 2025
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