Abstract：The deep integration of electricity network and information networks can promote communication between networks, but also brings the risk of large-scale transmission of failures. Based on the grid structure and load characteristics, combined with the dispatching function of information network, we construct a "power-information interdependence network" model. Three types of node attack methods are applied to attack a single node of the power grid where the attacked node is the highest load node, the lowest load node or the highest capacity proportion node. The cascade effects are compared with single-layer power grid. Study shows that the robustness of the power information interdependent network is weaker than that of the single-layer power grid under the highest load node attack when the initial load is small. The robustness of the two kinds of networks approaches each other when the initial load is large. The difference in robustness of the two kinds of networks is not obvious at the lowest load node and highest capacity proportion node attack. On the interdependent network, the cascading failure caused by the highest load node attack is the most difficult to eliminate completely.
吴凌杰, 邹艳丽, 王瑞瑞, 姚飞, 汪洋. 电力信息相互依存网络与单层电网的级联故障比较[J]. 复杂系统与复杂性科学, 2018, 15(3): 11-18.
WU Lingjie, ZOU Yanli, WANG Ruirui, YAO Fei, WANG Yang. Comparison of Cascading Failures Between Power Information Interdependent Networks and Single-Layer Power Grids[J]. Complex Systems and Complexity Science, 2018, 15(3): 11-18.
[1]傅杰, 邹艳丽, 谢蓉. 基于复杂网络理论的电力网络关键线路识别[J]. 复杂系统与复杂性科学, 2017,14(3):91-96. Fu Jie, Zou Yanli, Xie Rong. The critical lines identification of the power grid based on the complex network theory[J]. Complex Systems and Complexity Science, 2017,14(3):91-96. [2]曾辉,孙峰,李铁,等.澳大利亚“9·28”大停电事故分析及对中国启示[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(13):1-6. Zeng Hui, Sun Feng, Li Tie, et al. Analysis of “9·28” blackout in south australia and its enlightenment to china[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(13):1-6. [3]Shao J, Buldyrev S V, Havlin S, et al. Cascade of failures in coupled network systems with multiple support-dependence relations[J]. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys, 2011, 83(2):036116. [4]Watts D J. A simple model of global cascades on random networks[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2002 ,99(9):5766-5771. [5]Bak P, Tang C, Wiesenfeld K. Self-organized criticality:an explanation o the 1/f noise[J]. Physical Review Letters, 1987,59(4):381-384. [6]Dobson I, Carreras B A, Lynac V E, et al. An initial model for complex dynamics in electric power system blackouts[C]∥34th Hawaii International Conference on System Science. Maui, Hawaii, United States: IEEE, 2001:710-718. [7]Chassin D P, Posse C. Evaluating North American electric grid reliability using the Barabasi-Albert network model[J]. Physica A, 2005,355(2/4):667-677. [8]Lo C H, Ansari N. Decentralized controls and communications for autonomous distribution networks in smart grid[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2013, 4(1):66-77. [9]Zhang X, Liu D, Zhan C, et al. Effects of cyber coupling on cascading failures in power systems[J].IEEE Journal on Emerging & Selected Topics in Circuits & Systems, 2017, 7(2):228-238. [10] Yang Y, Nishikawa T, Motter A E. Small vulnerable sets determine large network cascades in power grids[J]. Science, 2018, 358(6365):3184. [11] Buldyrev S V, Al E. Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks[J]. Nature, 2010, 464(8932):1025-1028. [12] Korkali M, Veneman J G, Tivnan B F, et al. Reducing cascading failure risk by increasing infrastructure network interdependence[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7:44499. [13] 冀星沛,王波,董朝阳,等.电力信息-物理相互依存网络脆弱性评估及加边保护策略[J].电网技术,2016,40(6):1-7. Ji Xingpei, Wang Bo, Dong Chaoyang, et al.Vulnerability evaluation and link addition protection strategy research of electrical cyber-14 physical interdependent networks[J].Power System Technology, 2016, 40(6):1-7. [14] Chen Z, Wu J, Xia Y, et al. Robustness of interdependent power grids and communication networks : a complex network perspective[J]. IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs, 2017, (99):1-1. [15] 董政呈,方彦军,田猛.不同耦合方式和耦合强度对电力-通信耦合网络的影响[J].高电压技术,2015,41(10):3464-3469. Dong Zhengcheng,Fang Yanjun,Tian Meng. Influences of various coupled patterns and coupling strength on power-communication coupled networks[J].High Voltage Engineering, 2015,41(10):3464-3469. [16] Wei D Q, Luo X S, Zhang B. Analysis of cascading failure in complex power networks under the load local preferential redistribution rule [J].Physica A Statistical Mechanics & Its Applications, 2012, 391(8):2771-2777. [17] Kinney R, Crucitti P, Albert R. Modeling cascading failures in the North American power grid [J]. The European Physical Journal B, 2005, 46(1):101-107. [18] Wang W X, Chen G R. Universal robustness characteristic of weighted networks against cascading failure [J]. Physical Review E, 2008, 77(2):026101. [19] Bao Z J, Cao Y J, Ding L J, et al. Comparison of cascading failures in small-world and scale-free networks subject to vertex and edge attacks[J]. Physica A Statistical Mechanics & Its Applications, 2009, 388(20):4491-4498. [20] 张喜平, 李永树, 刘刚,等. 节点重要度贡献的复杂网络节点重要度评估方法[J]. 复杂系统与复杂性科学, 2014, 11(3):26-32. Zhang Xiping, Li Yongshu, Liu Gang, et al. Evaluation method of complex network node importance based on node importance contribution[J]. Complex Systems and Complexity Science, 2014, 11(3): 26-32.
