Empirical Analysis on Flight Training Network Invulnerability
YANG Yong1,XU Kaijun1,YAO Yusheng1,XIANG Honghui2,WU Jiayi1
1.Department of Flight Technology, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China; 2.AECC Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment, Jiangyou 621703, China
摘要为提高飞行训练的安全性和可靠性,运用复杂网络理论对飞行训练网络(Flight Training Network, FTN)的抗毁性进行实证分析。通过构建最大连通子图相对大小和网络效率测度指标,对FTN分别实施去点和去边攻击,并在随机和蓄意两种攻击模式下抗毁性进行仿真。分析表明,FTN网络具有典型的无标度和小世界特性;针对机场的节点攻击,FTN表现出对随机攻击的鲁棒性和蓄意攻击的脆弱性;针对航线的边攻击,FTN表现出一定的抗毁性。结果表明FTN网络中度值或介数大的机场是保持网络安全的关键,其失效将快速降低网络的连通可靠性和运行效率。
Abstract：To improve the safety and reliability during flight training, the actual flight training network data was empirical investigated using the complex network theory. The relative size of maximum connected sub-graph size and network overall efficiency are adopted to investigate the network invulnerability under random and deliberate attack against node attack and edge attack separately. The simulation results indicate that FTN shows fundamental scale-free and small world network characteristics, and strong robustness to random attack and obvious invulnerability to the deliberate attack under node attack, while FTN shows partly robustness to both random attack and deliberate attack under edge attack. Thus, it can be seen that the invulnerability of FTN was maintained by a small number of key airports with high degree or betweenness, which will cause network paralysis with sharply decreasing efficiency and rapidly worsening connected reliability in case of its damage inactivation.
[1]Zhang J, Cao X B, Du W B, et al. Evolution of Chinese airport network [J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its applications, 2010, 389(15):39223931. [2]党亚茹, 李雯静. 基于网络视角的航空客流结构分析[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息,2010, 10(5):167174. Dang Yaru, Li Wenjing. Air passenger flow structure analysis with network view[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2010, 10(5):167174. [3]党亚茹, 宋素珍. 基于中心度的中国航空客流网络抗毁性分析[J]. 复杂系统与复杂性科学, 2013, 10(1):7582. Dang Yaru, Song Suzhen. Invulnerability analysis of Chinese air passenger flow network based on centrality[J]. Complex Systems and Complexity Science, 2013, 10(1):7582. [4]党亚茹, 丁飞雅, 高峰. 我国航班流网络抗毁性实证分析[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2012, 12(6):177185. Dang Yaru, Ding Feiya, Gao Feng. Empirical analysis on flight flow network survivability of China[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2012, 12(6):177185. [5]张雯雯. 复杂网络理论在航空网络中的应用研究[D]. 天津:中国民航大学,2009. Zhang Wenwen. Application of complex network theory in aviation network[D]. Tianjin: Civil Aviation University of China, 2009. [6]曾小舟. 基于复杂网络理论的中国航空网络结构实证研究与分析[D]. 南京:南京航空航天大学, 2011. Zeng Xiaozhou. Empirical study of Chinese airline network structure based on complex network theory[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. [7]隋东,康金霞. 基于复杂网络理论的中国航路网络抗毁性分析[J]. 哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,32(3):295302. Sui Dong, Kang Jinxia. Analysis of China air route networks invulnerability based on complex networks[J]. Journal of Harbin University of Commerce(Natural Science Edition), 2016,32(3):295302. [8]张豫翔,吴明功,温祥西,等. 边攻击下的航线网络抗毁性测度[J]. 电光与控制,2017, 24(9):6468. Zhang Yuxiang, Wu Minggong, Wen Xiangxi, et al. Survivability measurement for airline network based on edge failure[J]. Electronics Optics & Control, 2017, 24(9):6468. [9]朱云峰,王艳军,朱陈平.不同攻击模式下中国航路网络抗毁性研究[J].南京工程学院学报(自然科学版), 2018,16(2):5156. Zhu Yunfeng, Wang Yanjun, Zhu Chenping. Research on the invulnerability of China’s air route network under different attack strategies[J]. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2018,16(2):5156. [10] Albert R, Barabasi A L. Statistical mechanics of complex networks[J]. Rev Mod Phys, 2002,74(1): 4797. [11] Barrat A, Barthélemy M, Pastor-Satorras R, et al. The architecture of complex weighted networks [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2004, 101(11):37473752. [12] Cohen R, Erez K, Ben-Avraham D, et al. Breakdown of the internet under intentional attack [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2001, 86(16):36823685. [13] Albert R, Jeong H,Barabasi A L. Error and attack tolerance of complex networks[J]. Nature, 2000,406:378382. [14] Chen H, Zhang J, Cao X B, et al. Structural properties of the Chinese air transportation multilayer network[J].Chaos, Solitions and Fractals,2016(86):2834. [15] Ren T, Wang Y F, Liu M M, et al. Analysis of robustness of urban bus network[J].Chin Physis B, 2016, 25(2): 020101. [16] Motter A E, Lai Y C. Cascade-based attacks on complex networks[J]. Phys Rev E, 2002,66(12):065102.
